In addition to injuries resulting from slips and falls as temperatures dip below freezing, there is also the risk of cold stress. Cold Stress is the result of skin temperature being lowered, ultimately resulting in a reduced core body temperature.
The human body’s natural reaction when exposed to cold environments is to maintain its core temperature. To do so, blood shifts away from less critical body parts--hands, feet, arms, legs and skin--to concentrate in the vital chest and abdomen areas. As a result of the blood shift, the body parts containing less blood face an increased risk of cold-related injuries. Under severe conditions, tissue damage and death may occur.
Cold stress and the risk of cold-related injury can be reduced by increasing management and worker awareness of the hazards. In order to ensure a safe working environment, mitigate risk and prevent workers' compensation insurance claims, it is important to understand the elements of cold stress.
Workers will be able to monitor their own health and identify problems with colleagues if they understand the symptoms of cold stress. Following some simple guidelines will also help them to prevent cold stress injuries:
A cooperative approach with employees is important. A cold stress prevention program, outlining steps to limit cold stress and reduce risk of injuries and illnesses, is a good start.
Another step you can take is a review of your scheduling. If at all possible, plan outdoor work, equipment repairs and other tasks when the weather is more favorable. While it is not always possible to prevent workers from operating outside at all times, especially in the construction industry with its deadline pressures, you can limit the length they have to spend in the coldest temperatures.
Next, you must train your team. Review the symptoms of cold stress in a group meeting. Emphasize the safety measures that workers must take, and discuss the best emergency response methods and who to notify should an employee begin to show signs of cold stress.
Finally, you need to provide resources for your workers. These can include insulated clothing, a heated shelter, warm beverages or educational materials. Above all else, call attention to cold-weather safety this winter. These measures will help to keep your workers on the job and your workers compensation insurance costs low.